Location: The geographical location, is situated between 32 ° 29 'North and 26 ° 14' South in the North latitude and between 108 ° 26 'east and 105 ° 02' West latitude in its West Greenwich Mean Time. Its limits to the north with the United States of America, the South with the State of Sinaloa, Chihuahua and east with the west by the Gulf of California and Baja California.
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Founded: January 10, 1824
Population: 2.662 million (2010) National Institute of Statistics and Geography
Area: 179,355 sq kmCapital: Hermosillo
Economic activities
Agriculture is the most important activity in the state, which is nationally recognized for his significant contribution to the national gross domestic product (GDP), which is why he has been called the national barn. The highlights of the state in agriculture places are: El Valle del Yaqui, Mayo, Valley of Guaymas, the coast of Hermosillo, Costa de Caborca and Valley of San Luis Rio Colorado, which have a water infrastructure sufficient for them It allows to harvest large volumes of agricultural products, especially the production of wheat, potatoes, watermelons, cotton, corn, melon, sorghum, chickpeas, grapes, alfalfa and orange among others.
Cattle raising
The livestock Sonora state continues its national prestige of being the main livestock states by the superb quality of their livestock and their coverage of domestic demand for livestock products and the significant contribution to national livestock exports . Livestock production in the state, represents a considerable contribution to the livestock domestic production since the year 2001 had 1 477.686 head of cattle, 1, 229.297 pig, 38.933 heads of sheep, 33.033 heads of goats, 83.260 heads of horses and 11 birds 988.552. For this year the production of carcass meat was 45.662 tons of cattle, pig 129.283 tons, 11,250 tons of sheep, goats and 344 tons of 1,183 tons of 9,622 tons of horses and birds.Fishing
The fishing activity state continued meaning for the entity a source of income, because the state of Sonora is the main states of the Mexican Republic that have an infrastructure for fishing and is the states that fishery resources bring to the domestic market and export of these species as exports to the United States large volumes of shrimp and other species. According to data from the statistical yearbook of 2002 the state of Sonora, prepared by INEGI, in the year 2002 capture of marine species was of 456.805 tons of products, which prices beach or first-hand have a total value of 2.031 million pesos.
Mining
Mining in the state shows a pronounced dynamism and this is thanks to improved techniques as well as the slight increase in mineral prices on the international market.In 2002 the production of main mining products was, of 6634.5 kilograms of gold, 153.834 kilograms of silver, 5 tons of lead, 267.171 tons of copper, 3 tons of zinc, 18.961 tons of iron and 7,176 tons of barite among others .
Commerce
The state of Sonora has a large modern commercial infrastructure in major cities such as markets, malls supermarkets, distribution warehouses, car dealerships and agricultural machinery, shops and small businesses. In municipalities and most remote communities in cities trade is reduced to grocery stores, pharmacies, stationery stores, bakeries and butcher shops tortillerías among others.According to data from the Economic Census 1998, the municipality has 29.922 economic units engaged in trade and distribution of different inputs required by the population. In 2002 the state had 463 shops and 122 dairy farms DICONSA LICONSA.
Industry
Industrial activity in the state is basically focused on the process of packing and industrialization of agriculture and agricultural products as well as the preparation of inputs for agriculture, livestock and fisheries.Recently in the northern state it has had significant growth in the maquiladora industry and the state capital an assembly plant of Ford cars and other car manufacturers plan to build facilities in this state was established.
Gross domestic product (GDP)
Economy
The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the state amounted to more than 467 billion pesos in 2013, which contributed 3.0% to the national GDP. The manufacturing industry contributed 21.1% to the state GDP in 2013.
Despite the poor indigenous population currently preserved in the state, many of the traditions of the Sonoran ancestors kept alive by the descendants of the original tribes. Such is the case of Guarijíos, who celebrate two major festivals throughout the year, the cava-pinch, after the completed agricultural cycle and the good fortune that is about to begin, and tuguardas, which means payment of the sins of men and women in the community.The Papago Indians made "coritas" or baskets or torote palmillo along the Sonoran Desert and the neighboring US state of Arizona. In addition, during the full moon June dance all night to pray for rain in the ritual of Vikita.
Like most Mexican tribes, the Pimas celebrate their religious festivals big. During the celebration of Yúmare for example, men take fermented corn and pascola singers and women dance for 4 nights around the fire to ensure a good harvest of corn.One of the most representative dances of the state, and pride of all its people, is the Deer Dance. Created by the Yaqui tribe inhabiting the southern state, it is called also dance Mazoyiwa. The grandeur of this dance comes from its meaning, which for Yaquis, is the representation of the human ideal, because the dancer is a man chosen from child to such a profession and whose preparation ranges from proper nutrition to develop an agile physical and slender, even the physical movements that emulate the graceful and delicate movements of the deer. Thus, the perfect execution of deer fighting for his life against a deadly arrow shot results in a beautiful show performed to the beat of the drum bueja or water, reeds and hirukiam or contact strips made of rods Brazil.This represents the great cultural wealth that Yaquis preserved thanks to the courage and zeal that has characterized them during the history of Sonora. Currently, 25,000 Yaquis keep the language, traditions and culture that belongs to them; while still a Catholic festival calendar.
Another particular indigenous culture of the state is the Seri community. The Seris stand out as being the only Mexican ethnicity was not evangelized by Catholic missionaries. Thus, the celebration of their rites, remains the purest tradition prehispanic decorated with a fine facial makeup, whose colors represent the symbols of death, luck and the sea.It is noteworthy that the Kickapoo and Cucapá, cultures are almost extinct in the Sonoran territory.
CUISINE OF SONORA
The gastronomy of Sonora is distinguished not only for their meat. There is a rich agriculture and the sea also pays off. Both in coastal towns and in the capital you can find delicious seafood such as crab, shrimp, scallops, clams and among fish, snapper, mackerel and sardines.
Do not forget to try the crushes, born by the need to preserve the beef for long periods. Enjoy it as a condiment, snacks and even as a main dish or breakfast.
Many dishes are flavored with sonorenses chiltepín a chile that comes from a small wild plant, and are accompanied by "tortillas water" or "armholes". These are similar to corn tortillas but much thinner, and as large as a meter and a half long.
POPULAR MUSIC OF SONORA
The master's work entitled Rodolfo Rascon Valencia sonorenses Composers 1860-1940, published by the University of Sonora in 1992, he realizes prodigious composers who defined our collective musical personality through the various specifications or musical genres such as the waltz, the polka, mazurkas or corridos, among other genres. Valencia recognizes the master Rascón that there are many composers anonymous, but his music is there, thanks to oral transmission that has become true icons sonorenses many of their pieces.Sonora lived a very interesting phenomenon in culture, as a new genre that sent the Sonoran popular music we enjoy today and enjoy arrived. At the beginning of the fifties, radio was the electronic medium par excellence to which many of the families had access sonorenses. His goal, as it is now, was to amuse, entertain, inform and educate promoting culture (remember the legend that ordered the Interior Ministry to each album: "The album is culture").In addition to amuse, entertain and educate, music played a major role. The radio of the time promoted different musical genres. He reaffirmed the idols of the people that cinema had created ranchera music performers accompanied by mariachi invaded the art world; romantic music trios and soloists spreads and the music of the big bands, with rhythms imported from the United States and the Caribbean, young regulars responds to large ballrooms is promoted.
Sonora customs
In the third week of May holidays are celebrated in honor of Father Kino, Kino known as the Festival; in the last week of July and first of August holidays are celebrated in honor of St. Ignatius of Loyola; September 26 to October 8 the San Francisco Javier, with fairs, craft shows and support of indigenous groups, Opatas, Yaquis, Papagos Pimas and Seris. A special attraction in these celebrations is the opportunity to admire the deer dance and the pascolas. Thousands of pilgrims who visit different parts of the region, northwestern Mexico and southern United States to be quoted in the chapel of Santo order to pay religious tribute with their prayers, fulfill before him with the bequests or penances (such as walking up to 100 kilometers to the population), as payment for ask help to alleviate a disease, require their cooperation before God for health and prosperity in the family, a good harvest crops and an excellent time in herds livestock or simply the blessing and crafts activities they perform.Another tradition that has people being in the chapel of San Francisco, is raising the saint, as it is said that the person who has no faith is not possible. In 2013 a specific chapel for San Francisco Javier which is located on the side of the parish where it was originally, which has a greater capacity for people who want to visit was built.
The city of sonora Known as "Sun City" is one of the most important in the north of the country, with excellent location, only 250 km. to the US border.What stands sound are some places frequently visited by tourists which are:
Cathedral of the Assumption of Hermosillo this majestic cathedral began construction in 1877 and has since become an icon of the city and a place you should not miss, like the Zaragoza plaza, which is where it is located, it offers us a beautiful kiosk with walkways and large trees that allow visitors to spend some quiet time and enjoy this beautiful city.
Government Palace Its construction began in 1881 and ends in 1906. In his murals tells a good part of the history of the state.
Chapel of Our Lady of Carmen Just down the avenue Reelection no breaks majestic witness of dreams and stories that have been passed the hermosillense sky, making it one of the oldest and most important buildings in Hermosillo.
The Cerro de la Campana This place is definitely the quintessential viewpoint for visitors, since from its cobblestones, one can see an almost complete picture of Sun City.
House of Culture This is a space that opened on October 10, 1980, dedicated to promoting, rescue and preserve the artistic and cultural events that give identity to Sonora.
Sonora Museum is located in what was the old penitentiary of Hermosillo and offers visitors passages of Sonoran history and discoveries of ancient Mexican ruins. Store has books and souvenirs.
Library Museum of the University of Sonora is the building that most identifies the city. It houses the Regional Museum of Anthropology and History, the Museum of Archaeology, the Theatre Emiliana Zubeldia, newspaper, library, bookstore, gallery of visual arts, radio and television university.
La Sauceda This beautiful recreation park and fun for the whole family has large gardens and different attractions like the batting area, go-karts, mini golf, arcade games, slides, pools and more. The sauceda also has an excellent interactive museum for children called "bubble", where children learn to perform experiments and learn many things while you are entertained by all the activities that take place there.
Golf Los Lagos For golf lovers, Hermosillo has an excellent 18 holes: The lakes, and as its name mentioned has 8 artificial lakes that will make your day a fascinating experience.Fun night Hermosillo has many first class restaurants, bars and nightclubs fun.Being located in the heart of the state itself, it is easily accessible reach the most important tourist spots and within walking distance of this city can find very attractive destinations.
Kino Bay is definitely one of the best attractions of this beautiful city, located only 105 Km. Away. clear sand and clean beach are the characteristics of this beautiful bay, where you can practice all water sports or just lie on the beach to enjoy the sun and sea.La Pintada Only 56 Km. South of Hermosillo is a site inhabited by the ancestors of this region, where you can admire the paintings that shaped the Seri and Pima cultures.
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